What is Edge Computing?

Edge computing is a distributed IT architecture that processes data closer to the source of generation, such as IoT devices, sensors, or local servers. This reduces latency, improves speed, and optimises bandwidth usage compared to traditional cloud computing.

Edge computing works by decentralising data processing tasks from centralised cloud servers to local devices or edge nodes. This allows data to be analysed and acted upon in real-time without the need to send it back and forth to distant data centres.

• Reduced Latency: Processes data near the source for faster response times.
• Improved Reliability: Operates even with limited or intermittent connectivity.
• Bandwidth Efficiency: Minimises data transfer to central servers, reducing costs.
• Enhanced Security: Keeps sensitive data local, lowering exposure to cyber threats.

Edge computing is used in various industries, including smart cities, autonomous vehicles, industrial automation, healthcare, and retail for real-time data processing and decision-making.

While cloud computing relies on centralised data centres, edge computing processes data locally. This reduces dependency on cloud services for time-sensitive applications and improves performance in remote or bandwidth-constrained environments.

Devices such as IoT sensors, industrial machines, autonomous vehicles, smart appliances, and edge servers are commonly integrated with edge computing capabilities.

Challenges include managing distributed infrastructure, ensuring data security across multiple devices, and maintaining consistency in data processing and updates.

Edge computing enhances security by keeping data local; however, it also introduces new risks, such as physical device tampering and the need for robust encryption and authentication protocols.

Yes, edge and cloud computing often work together in a hybrid model, where critical data is processed at the edge, and less time-sensitive data is sent to the cloud for storage and advanced analytics.

With the rapid growth of IoT and the demand for real-time data processing, edge computing is essential for supporting next-generation applications like autonomous vehicles, smart cities, and Industry 4.0 technologies.